A practical, calculator-style guide to convert Indonesian parchment or asalan into exportable green kilograms and cost per kg in 2025. Includes typical wet-hulled (giling basah) yields, moisture corrections, defect/sorting losses, and realistic milling cost ranges.
If you buy parchment or asalan in Indonesia, you already know the question that decides your margin. How many kilos will make it to the bag. This is your 2025, calculator-style guide for Indonesian coffee outturn. We’ll focus on giling basah realities, show the moisture corrections that trip people up, and give you yield bands and cost ranges we actually see on the floor.
The 3 pillars of a reliable outturn estimate
- Standardize moisture. Always normalize your weights to 12% moisture before calculating outturn or cost. If you skip this, your math drifts 1–3% fast.
- Use process-appropriate yields. Wet-hulled (Sumatra-style) behaves differently than fully washed (Bali/Java-style). Don’t paste Latin America ratios onto Sumatra.
- Price in the defect path to your target grade. SNI Grade 1/2 needs real handwork. That’s yield and cost. Pretending otherwise is how margins vanish.
Quick answer: How many kg green from 1 ton parchment in Indonesia?
For Indonesian arabica in 2025 at target 12% moisture.
- Wet-hulled (Sumatra, Aceh, Lintong, Mandheling)
- To Grade 1: 700–760 kg per 1,000 kg parchment
- To Grade 2: 730–790 kg per 1,000 kg parchment
- Fully washed (Bali Kintamani, Java Ijen/Preanger)
- To Grade 1: 780–820 kg per 1,000 kg parchment
- To Grade 2: 790–830 kg per 1,000 kg parchment Our mid-case for Sumatra G1 is 720–740 kg. For Bali/Java G1, 790–800 kg. In our experience, farms and mills with strong cherry selection and consistent drying beat the mid-case by 10–20 kg per ton.
Step-by-step: Build your own Indonesian coffee outturn calculator
Here’s the workflow we use when pricing parchment or asalan.
1) Moisture correction to 12%
Use this simple mass correction formula. Corrected weight at 12% = Measured weight × (100 − Measured moisture) / (100 − 12) Example: 1,000 kg parchment at 13% becomes 1,000 × 87/88 = 988.6 kg at 12%. Takeaway. That 1.14% shrink from 13 to 12% adds up. Don’t ignore it.
2) Parchment to green conversion (before sorting)
Typical parchment-to-green ratio at 12%.
- Wet-hulled arabica: 0.76–0.82
- Fully washed arabica: 0.80–0.84
- Robusta: 0.82–0.86 This includes hull, silverskin and a small handling loss.
3) Sorting and grading loss (defects + screen + color)
2025 reality we’re seeing on the floor.
- Arabica, wet-hulled to SNI Grade 1: minus 7–12%
- Arabica, wet-hulled to SNI Grade 2: minus 4–8%
- Arabica, fully washed to SNI Grade 1: minus 4–7%
- Robusta to Grade 2–4: minus 2–5% If your asalan is already tidy, losses compress. If it’s wild, they expand. The stricter you chase color and screen uniformity for specialty buyers, the more kilos you leave behind.
4) Trimming loss and bagging tolerance
Even after grade sorting, expect 0.3–0.8% dust and trim. Bagging tolerance policies can push another ~0.2–0.3% if you “fill heavy.”
5) Put it together (worked example)
Scenario. Buy 1,000 kg parchment at 13% in Lintong. Target: Arabica G1, 12% final moisture. Use mid-case wet-hulled ratios.
- Moisture-corrected weight: 1,000 × 87/88 = 988.6 kg
- Parchment-to-green pre-sort: 988.6 × 0.79 = 780.0 kg
- Sorting to G1: 780.0 × (1 − 0.09) = 709.0 kg
- Trim/dust: 709.0 × (1 − 0.005) = 705.5 kg exportable Result. Roughly 705–710 kg G1 from 1 ton of 13% parchment.
Asalan-to-exportable shortcut
If you’re buying asalan (unsorted green) at 12–13%.
- Wet-hulled arabica to G1: 0.82–0.90 of asalan weight
- Wet-hulled arabica to G2: 0.88–0.93
- Fully washed arabica to G1: 0.90–0.95
- Robusta to Grade 2–4: 0.93–0.97 If your asalan arrives at 13%, apply the moisture correction first.
2025 milling cost ranges you can budget
We track these across Sumatra, Java and Bali. Last 6 months we’ve seen 5–10% upward pressure from wages and power. Use these as a planning range per kg exportable green.
- Hulling + screen sizing + basic gravity: IDR 2,000–4,000/kg
- Color sorting: IDR 1,000–2,000/kg (machine time and loss)
- Handpicking to tight G1: IDR 3,500–7,000/kg depending on defect load
- Bags and liners: IDR 45,000–65,000 per 60 kg bag (≈ IDR 750–1,100/kg)
- Local trucking to port: IDR 500–1,500/kg depending on distance/terrain
- Port fees, handling, docs: IDR 200–500/kg
- Working capital/finance (30–60 days): roughly 1–2% of green cost, often IDR 500–1,500/kg Reality check. A typical arabica G1 wet-hulled run in Sumatra clears IDR 7,000–12,000/kg for milling and finishing before logistics. Fully washed origins with cleaner inputs skew to the lower end.
Convert parchment price to cost per kg green (breakeven)
Simple planner formula for wet-hulled arabica. Cost per kg green = (Parchment price per kg ÷ Yield to exportable green) + Milling finishing cost/kg + Logistics and finance/kg Where Yield to exportable green is your combined ratio after moisture, hulling and sorting. Worked example (continuing the Lintong case).
- Parchment price: IDR 65,000/kg
- Yield to exportable green: 0.705 (from the example)
- Milling finishing: IDR 9,000/kg
- Logistics/finance: IDR 2,000/kg Breakeven cost/kg green = (65,000 ÷ 0.705) + 9,000 + 2,000 = 92,199 + 11,000 = IDR 103,199/kg Takeaway. Every one point of yield (0.01) moves breakeven roughly 900–1,200 IDR/kg at these price levels. That’s your negotiating leverage.
Spreadsheet-ready formulas you can paste
Assume these Excel inputs.
- A2: Parchment weight (kg)
- B2: Measured moisture (%)
- C2: Parchment price (IDR/kg)
- D2: Parchment→green pre-sort ratio (e.g., 0.79)
- E2: Sorting loss to target grade (e.g., 0.09)
- F2: Trim/dust loss (e.g., 0.005)
- G2: Milling finishing cost (IDR/kg)
- H2: Logistics + finance (IDR/kg) Formulas.
- Moisture-corrected weight @12%: =A2*((100-B2)/88)
- Exportable kg: =A2*((100-B2)/88)D2(1-E2)*(1-F2)
- Yield to exportable green: =Exportable_kg/A2
- Cost/kg green: =(C2/Yield_to_exportable_green)+G2+H2 Need a ready-to-use Google Sheet with our default bands for Sumatra, Java and Bali. We’re happy to share a copy. Contact us on whatsapp and we’ll send it over.
Wet-hulled vs fully washed: what changes in practice
- Variability. Wet-hulled outturn is more volatile. Weather during high-moisture hulling and post-hull drying amplifies breakage and color variance. Plan wider ranges.
- Sorting load. Fully washed lots typically require less handpicking to hit G1 visuals. Yields and costs improve.
- Screen profile. Wet-hulled Sumatras often carry broader screen distributions and more partial defects. Chasing tight screens reduces yield. If you want a predictable G1 outturn for planning, fully washed Bali/Java often behaves better. For example, Arabica Bali Kintamani Grade 1 Green Coffee Beans typically convert at 0.80–0.82 parchment-to-green with 4–6% sorting to G1 in our runs. Contrast that with Blue Batak Green Coffee Beans, a classic wet-hulled profile that can need 7–10% sorting to hit specialty G1 visuals.
How defects and SNI Grade targets change yield
- SNI Grade 1 vs Grade 2. Tightening from G2 to G1 usually costs 2–4% more weight in wet-hulled arabica. You can offset by accepting slightly wider screen or color tolerance if your buyer agrees.
- Aged or past-crop components. If you’re blending for low acidity or aged notes, you can often accept G2 visuals and save 2–3% yield and IDR 2,000–3,000/kg in handpicking. Products like Musty Cup Green Coffee Beans (Aged Arabica) or Past Crop Green Coffee Beans are built around that logic.
- Robusta grades. Commercial Robusta usually targets Grade 2–4 with higher outturn and lower handpicking costs. We routinely see 0.85–0.90 parchment-to-exportable for lines like Robusta Lampung Green Coffee Beans (ELB & Grades 2–4).
Common mistakes that kill margins
- Ignoring moisture normalization. A 1% moisture gap can swing breakeven by > IDR 800/kg at current prices.
- Copy-pasting Latin America yields to wet-hulled Sumatra. Different beast. Different ratios.
- Under-budgeting handpicking to hit real G1. Planning 2% sorting loss when the sample shows 7–9% is wishful thinking.
- Confusing asalan with exportable. Asalan is not a grade. Outturn to G1 can be 82% or 92% depending on the lot.
- Over-filling bags. A generous hand at the scale quietly shaves 0.2–0.4% of your sellable weight.
When these numbers apply (and when they don’t)
Use these ranges for Indonesian arabica 2025, moisture 12%, commercial to specialty G1/G2 specs. If you’re targeting ultra-select microlots with extremely tight color and screen, add 1–3% extra sorting loss. If you’re shipping blend-focused G2/G3 to price-sensitive markets, assume less sorting, tighter costs, and higher outturn.
Quick origin notes you can use this season
- Sumatra wet-hulled outturn. Plan 0.76–0.82 parchment-to-green pre-sort and 7–12% sorting to G1. Pay attention to rain windows during post-hull drying. That’s where we see breakage and color spread.
- Bali/Java fully washed. Cleaner parchment, better screens, 0.80–0.84 pre-sort with 4–7% sorting to G1. Lots like Arabica Java Ijen Grade 1 Green Coffee Beans and Java Preanger Grade 1 Green Coffee Beans typically hold ratios well.
- Robusta outturn. Higher and steadier. If your business case needs volume and crema components, view lines like Sumatra Robusta Green Coffee Beans or Bali Kintamani Robusta ELB 350BC Green Coffee Beans.
If you want to sanity-check a specific lot or send us your calculator inputs, we’re here for it. Questions about your project. Contact us on email and we’ll run the math with you.
Practical takeaway. Start with the moisture correction. Apply a realistic parchment-to-green ratio for your process. Set your sorting loss from the grade you actually plan to ship. Then price the handwork. Do this, and your breakeven won’t surprise you at the bagging scale. Ready to see current availabilities and grades. View our products.