A step‑by‑step, numbers‑first walkthrough to classify Indonesian green coffee under HTS 0901.11 or 0901.12, confirm duty, and calculate MPF/HMF so you can price US landed cost with confidence in 2026.
If you’re trying to price Indonesian green coffee into the US for 2026, you don’t need fluff. You need the exact HS code, the duty answer, and clean formulas for MPF and HMF. After years of shipping everything from classic Mandheling to aged and wine‑fermented microlots, here’s the straight path to a defensible landed‑cost number you can quote today.
First, confirm the right HS/HTS code
- Green, unroasted, not decaffeinated coffee: HS/HTS 0901.11 (US 10‑digit format starts with 0901.11.00, broker will assign the last two statistical digits.)
- Green, unroasted, decaffeinated coffee: HS/HTS 0901.12 (US 10‑digit starts with 0901.12.00.)
What’s the difference between 0901.11 and 0901.12?
It’s purely caffeine content at import. If the beans are unroasted and still caffeinated, they’re 0901.11. If they’re unroasted and decaffeinated, they’re 0901.12. Processing style doesn’t change this. Aged lots like our Musty Cup Green Coffee Beans (Aged Arabica) and wine‑fermented blends like Bali, Java, Gayo & Mandheling - Wine Green Arabica Coffee Beans are still 0901.11 because they’re unroasted and not decaf.
Does Indonesian origin change the US tariff for green coffee?
No. With normal trade relations, Indonesian origin doesn’t add extra duty for HS 0901.11 or 0901.12. We haven’t seen Section 301 or 232 actions applied to coffee beans from Indonesia. Country of origin still matters for marking and documentation, but not for an extra duty line here.
Duty in 2026 (spoiler: usually zero)
Historically, the US duty rate for green coffee under both 0901.11 and 0901.12 is Free. As of our latest entries and tariff checks, we expect 2026 to remain duty‑free for both non‑decaf and decaf unroasted beans. Always confirm in the current HTSUS at time of entry, but in practice US duty on unroasted coffee beans has been 0% for years.
Practical takeaway: Your US border charges will come from fees, not tariff duty.
MPF and HMF for coffee, explained in one minute
- Merchandise Processing Fee (MPF): 0.3464% of the Customs value. There’s a minimum and a maximum per formal entry. CBP updates the min/max each October 1. In recent years the minimum was around the low $30s and the maximum around the low $600s per entry. Expect similar ballpark for FY 2026, but verify with your broker that week.
- Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF): 0.125% of the Customs value. Applies only to ocean shipments unloaded at US ports. No HMF for air.
Which value does CBP use for MPF/HMF?
Both MPF and HMF are calculated on the Customs value used for duty. That’s typically the transaction value under 19 U.S.C. 1401a. In practice:
- If your terms are FOB Indonesia, Customs value is the invoice amount (plus any required statutory additions like assists). No ocean freight or insurance included.
- If your terms are CFR/CIF, you must back out international freight and insurance to declare the correct Customs value. MPF and HMF use that net Customs value, not the freight‑included price.
We see teams overpay when they accidentally compute MPF/HMF on the CFR/CIF total instead of the duty value. Don’t do that.
Ocean vs. air for coffee fees
- Ocean: MPF + HMF apply.
- Air: MPF applies. HMF does not.
Step‑by‑step: how to calculate US import fees on Indonesian green coffee
- Confirm HTS: 0901.11 for unroasted, non‑decaf. 0901.12 for unroasted, decaf.
- Check duty: generally Free for both in 2026.
- Determine Customs value: transaction value excluding international freight and insurance.
- Compute MPF: Customs value × 0.3464%, then apply CBP’s current minimum or maximum cap if triggered.
- Compute HMF (ocean only): Customs value × 0.125%.
- Sum: Duty + MPF + HMF. That’s your CBP border charge. Brokerage, ISF, and other logistics costs are separate.
Worked example: 20‑foot container of Indonesian Arabica (ocean)
Assumptions based on typical specialty purchases we see:
- Quantity: 320 bags × 60 kg = 19,200 kg.
- Terms: FOB Belawan.
- Price: 4.10 USD/kg. Invoice total = 19,200 × 4.10 = 78,720 USD.
- Classification: HS 0901.11 (unroasted, non‑decaf).
Now calculate:
- Duty: 0% of 78,720 = 0 USD.
- MPF: 0.3464% × 78,720 = 272.64 USD. Check against the current fiscal‑year min/max. This value is comfortably between the cap range we’ve seen in recent years.
- HMF: 0.125% × 78,720 = 98.40 USD.
- Total CBP fees due at entry: 272.64 + 98.40 = 371.04 USD.
If your container arrives by air instead, skip the HMF. Using the same Customs value, MPF would be 272.64 USD and that’s it.
Quick cap check for high‑value lots
When do you hit the MPF cap? Divide the cap by 0.003464. Using the recent cap neighborhood in the low $600s, you start capping somewhere around 175,000–190,000 USD of Customs value per entry. We routinely see high‑end microlots consolidated under a single entry hit the cap. It’s normal.
Documents you’ll actually use at entry for HS 0901.11 coffee
- Commercial invoice with Incoterm and a clean description: “Coffee, green, unroasted, not decaffeinated. HS 0901.11. Origin: Indonesia.” Specify lot names only as additional detail.
- Packing list and weight breakdown.
- Ocean bill of lading or air waybill.
- Country of origin marking on each bag and on master packaging.
- FDA Prior Notice. Coffee is a food, so PN is required. Your broker or importer of record typically files it.
- APHIS/USDA: Whole green beans free of pulp/husk are generally admissible without a phytosanitary certificate. Husked coffee or by‑products are a different story. If in doubt, confirm port rules with your broker ahead of sailing.
Practical tip: If you sell under CFR/CIF, provide a freight and insurance breakout so the broker can declare the correct Customs value. Your MPF/HMF math depends on it.
Common mistakes we see (and how to avoid them)
- Using the wrong base for fees. Teams apply MPF/HMF on the CFR total. Fix: always compute on Customs value that excludes international freight and insurance.
- Misclassifying fermented or aged green coffee. Wine‑style fermentation or multi‑year aging doesn’t make it “roasted” or “processed extract.” Our Aged (Age) Green Arabica Coffee Beans and other matured lots remain 0901.11.
- Forgetting that HMF is ocean‑only. We’ve seen air shipments charged HMF in draft quotes. Push back. HMF does not apply to air cargo.
- Ignoring MPF min/max. Small test lots pay the minimum. Big consolidated entries hit the cap. Budget accordingly.
Quick 2026 tariff lookup checklist you can repeat in 30 seconds
- Go to the USITC HTS search and enter “0901.”
- Choose 0901.11 for unroasted, not decaf, or 0901.12 for unroasted, decaf.
- Confirm “General” duty rate. Expect “Free.”
- Check for any “9903” or Chapter 99 notes referencing additional duties. Coffee from Indonesia hasn’t had them, but it’s a fast safety check.
- Ask your broker for the current CBP MPF min/max for the fiscal year starting Oct 1.
Where specialty Indonesian profiles fit in HS 0901
Whether you’re importing Arabica Bali Kintamani Grade 1 Green Coffee Beans, Blue Batak Green Coffee Beans, or a natural like Bali Natural Green Coffee Beans, if it’s unroasted and not decaf, it’s 0901.11 and duty‑free. Decaf green lots move to 0901.12, which in practice has also been duty‑free. That consistency is why US coffee quotes focus heavily on origin price and logistics rather than tariff.
Final takeaways you can use today
- Classify correctly: 0901.11 for unroasted, non‑decaf. 0901.12 for unroasted, decaf.
- Plan on zero duty in 2026 for Indonesian green coffee.
- Calculate MPF at 0.3464% and HMF at 0.125% on the Customs value. Watch the MPF min/max each Oct 1.
- Ocean pays HMF. Air doesn’t.
- Keep your paperwork clean and your Incoterms explicit so the broker declares the right value.
Need help pressure‑testing your numbers or want a landed‑cost worksheet for a specific lot from Sumatra or Bali? Send us your draft invoice and port route and we’ll sanity‑check it. You can Contact us on whatsapp.